Today, February 22nd, is the actual anniversary of George Washington’s birth in 1732. In honor of the “Father of Our Country”, I’ve written the following description of the famous Gilbert Stuart “Lansdowne” portrait, painted in 1796. There are four copies of this portrait. The version I am describing is in the collection of the Smithsonian Institute and is in the National Portrait Gallery. Information about the painting, including its history and the symbolism contained within is available at the Smithsonian’s National Portrait Gallery website accompanying a photo of its copy of the portrait.
Painted in oil, this full-length, portrait is eight feet high by five feet wide. In it, George Washington, a white man portrayed nearly life-sized, is dressed almost entirely in black. He stands tall, just to the right of center, between a table on the left and a red chair on the right.
Continue reading for a deeper dive into this highly detailed painting. (Approximately a six-minute read.)
Washington wears a loose, knee length black velvet coat with a high standing collar over black knee breeches, black hose that display shapely calves, and flat black leather shoes. A white stock or cravat (a length of white linen) is wrapped around his neck and its lacy ends cascade down to the middle of his chest, visible between the open front panels of his coat and above the V-shaped top of his waistcoat. More white lace glints and drips below the cuffs of the long sleeves of Washington’s coat. Washington’s face is seen in a 3/4 view and is turned slightly to our left. He wears a curly white wig on his head. A portion of the large black bow securing the pigtail of his wig can be seen over his left shoulder. The hairline of the wig sits atop Washington’s high forehead, with the hair swept back from his face in rows of tight waves. The sides come down to the bottoms of his ears, covering them, and project gradually wider from his head in horizontal rows of tight curls, creating a slightly triangular silhouette to his head. His complexion is pale and pink with ruddy red cheeks and a pale grey shadow surrounding his thin straight lipped mouth down to the soft jowls of his jaw. There is a slight cleft at the base of his chin. Washington’s nose has a high bridge and is long and straight. Washington’s blue eyes are deep set with hooded lids beneath grey eyebrows. His gaze follows the leftward direction of his outstretched right arm. The palm of his extended right hand is turned towards us. Washington’s left arm is at his side. His left hand rests just below the ornate, tasseled gold hilt of the sheathed dress sword worn at his waist. His index finger points downward along the slender, dark shaft of the sword. His feet are planted shoulder width apart, the narrow toes of his buckled shoes pointing outward, forming a shallow V that opens toward us.
Washington stands in a grand space in front of a tan stone wall that rises to just below his shoulders. Large columns as wide as Washington himself soar high above his head from atop the wall, although only the lower portions are visible behind him. Red drapery billows between the columns, obscuring all but the base of the single column on the far left edge of the painting and going around the back of a double column on the right, behind Washington’s head and his left shoulder. A triangular glimpse of blue sky with grey storm clouds can be seen below the muted red drapery between the columns. To the right of the double column, a rainbow fills the sliver of sky. Below the double column, an armchair with a carved gold frame and red upholstery sits against the wall behind Washington. At the top of the golden oval frame of the seat back is a smaller oval containing a field of blue with small stars above a longer section of red and white vertical stripes. The oval frame of the chair back is carved with stars. The table to the left of Washington, below his extended right arm, is covered with a variety of items sitting on a red cloth draped over its top. Near the front edge of the table, on the left, is a gleaming silver inkwell in the shape of an open boat resting on the backs of two reclining hounds. A dual inkwell shaped like a rectangular cabin with a slanted roof sits in the open top of the rounded boat shaped base. A long white feathered quill pen stands in the inkwell. To the right of the inkwell is a loosely rolled sheaf of papers. Two tan leather-bound books with gold stamped spines stand behind the inkwell at the left edge of the painting. A black tricorn hat with a curling black feather sits to the right of the books. The dusky red drapery is folded up at the front corner of the table, exposing a glimpse of pink marble tabletop atop an elaborately carved and gilded apron with indistinct figurative panels and a leg in the form of a tapered reeded column topped with a capital of eagles. Below the table, are more books. Several are stacked to the left and blend into the red drapery while two more lean against the exposed table leg, their stamped spines visible to the left of the leg. The floor is covered in a rug with a geometric and stylized floral pattern in shades of red, blue, green, and golden yellow.

